A-36 S355JR Angle Steel
SPECIFICATIONS: ASTM A36 Steel, Hot Rolled, Carbon Steel FINISH: Blue / Gray, Slightly grainy MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Yield Point: 36,000 psi Tensile Strength: 58-80,000 psi Elongation = 23% in 2" Elasticity = 29,000 psi Brinell Hardness = 119-158 Machinability Rate = 72% CHEMICAL PROPERTIES 98% Iron, .25-.29% Carbon, .20% Copper, .04% max Silicon, .60 - .90% Manganese, .04% Phosphorous, .05% Sulfur TOLERANCES AVAILABLE LENGTHS 2' 4' 6' 8' 10' 20' Custom Lengths
Dimensional Tolerances for Equal Angles
|
Dimension Category |
Symbol |
Tolerance (A36, ASTM A6/A6M-24) |
Tolerance (S355JR, EN 10056-1:2020) |
Measurement Method |
|
Leg Length |
L |
- L ≤ 75mm: ±1.0mm |
- L ≤ 100mm: ±1.0mm |
Measured from outer edge to heel (inside corner) at both ends; average of 4 readings |
|
Leg Thickness |
t |
- t ≤ 10mm: ±10% of nominal t |
- t ≤ 10mm: ±0.8mm |
Measured at 1/4, 1/2, and 3/4 of leg length with a micrometer (±0.01mm accuracy) |
|
Root Radius |
r |
+0.8mm / -0mm (all sizes) |
- L ≤ 100mm: 6mm ±1mm |
Check with radius gauge gauge at heel (inside corner) where legs intersect |
|
Toe Radius |
rₜ |
+0.5mm / -0mm (all sizes) |
2mm ±0.5mm (all sizes) |
Measure at outer leg corners (toes) with radius gauge |
|
Length of Angle |
Lₜ |
- Random: +150mm / -0mm |
- Random: +100mm / -0mm |
Steel tape (±1mm/m accuracy) from end to end; exclude zinc coating for galvanized angles |
|
Leg Squareness |
- |
90° ±1° (L ≤100mm); 90° ±1.5° (L >100mm) |
90° ±1° (all sizes) |
Protractor (±0.1° accuracy) at both ends; average of 2 readings |
Dimensional Tolerances for Unequal Angles
|
Dimension Category |
Symbol |
Tolerance (A36, ASTM A6/A6M-24) |
Tolerance (S355JR, EN 10056-1:2020) |
Measurement Notes |
|
Longer Leg Length |
L₁ |
Same as equal angles (based on L₁) |
Same as equal angles (based on L₁) |
Primary load-bearing leg; stricter tolerance for structural stability |
|
Shorter Leg Length |
L₂ |
- L₂ ≤ 75mm: ±0.8mm |
- L₂ ≤ 100mm: ±0.8mm |
Secondary leg; tolerance scaled to leg length |
|
Leg Thickness |
t |
Same as equal angles (unified thickness for both legs) |
Same as equal angles (unified thickness for both legs) |
Thickness consistent across both legs; measured at mid-length of each leg |
|
Root Radius |
r |
+0.8mm / -0mm (all sizes) |
Based on longer leg: same as equal angles |
Larger radius for larger longer legs to reduce stress concentration |
Straightness and Flatness Tolerances
|
Tolerance Type |
A36 (ASTM A6/A6M-24) |
S355JR (EN 10056-1:2020) |
Testing Method |
|
Lengthwise Straightness |
≤1.5mm/m (total: ≤1.5×Lₜ mm, Lₜ = length in meters) |
≤1.0mm/m (total: ≤1.0×Lₜ mm) |
Place on flat surface; measure max gap with feeler gauge (0.01-1.0mm range) |
|
Leg Flatness |
≤0.6mm per 100mm leg length (max 3mm) |
≤0.5mm per 100mm leg length (max 2mm) |
Straightedge (grade 1) along leg; measure gap at mid-length |
|
Twist |
≤1.0mm per 300mm length (max 5mm for Lₜ ≤6m) |
≤0.8mm per 300mm length (max 4mm for Lₜ ≤6m) |
Lay on flat surface; measure height difference of one leg at 300mm intervals |
|
End Squareness |
≤1.5mm (L ≤100mm); ≤2.0mm (L >100mm) |
≤1.0mm (L ≤100mm); ≤1.5mm (L >100mm) |
Square against end face; measure gap with feeler gauge |
Notes:
A36 (ASTM) and S355JR (EN) angle steels have similar dimensional tolerances but differ slightly in strictness—S355JR generally has tighter controls for flatness and straightness.
For galvanized angles, add 70-100μm (0.07-0.10mm) to outer dimensions when checking post-galvanization tolerances (per ASTM A123 or EN 10240).
Tolerances apply to hot-rolled angles in as-delivered condition. Cold-worked or machined angles require custom tolerance agreements.
Measurement temperature: 20℃±5℃ to avoid thermal expansion effects. For critical applications, verify with certified calibration tools.
Leg thickness is critical for load calculations—ensure measurements exclude edge burrs (≤0.5mm height, not counted in tolerance).
Chemical Composition of A36 and S355JR Angle Steel (Mass Fraction, ≤ %)
|
Element |
A36 (ASTM A36/A36M-24) |
S355JR (EN 10025-2:2019) |
Note on Role |
|
C (Carbon) |
≤ 0.25 |
≤ 0.20 |
Enhances strength; lower in S355JR for better weldability and toughness |
|
Si (Silicon) |
≤ 0.40 |
≤ 0.55 |
Deoxidizer; higher range in S355JR supports strength without brittleness |
|
Mn (Manganese) |
0.85–1.20 |
≤ 1.60 |
Improves tensile strength; S355JR allows higher content for superior strength |
|
P (Phosphorus) |
≤ 0.040 |
≤ 0.035 |
Strictly limited in both; lower in S355JR to prevent cold brittleness |
|
S (Sulfur) |
≤ 0.050 |
≤ 0.035 |
Minimized to reduce weld defects; tighter control in S355JR |
|
Cu (Copper) |
≥ 0.20 (optional) |
≤ 0.30 |
Optional in A36 for corrosion resistance; trace in S355JR has no adverse effect |
|
Cr (Chromium) |
≤ 0.30 (max, if present) |
≤ 0.30 |
Trace element; no impact on mechanical properties in either grade |
|
Ni (Nickel) |
≤ 0.30 (max, if present) |
≤ 0.30 |
Enhances toughness; controlled to balance performance and cost |
|
Mo (Molybdenum) |
— (not specified) |
≤ 0.10 |
Trace in S355JR; improves hardenability slightly |
|
V (Vanadium) |
— (not specified) |
≤ 0.05 |
Optional in S355JR; refines grain structure for better strength-ductility balance |
|
N (Nitrogen) |
≤ 0.015 |
≤ 0.012 |
Stabilized in S355JR (with Ti/Nb) to prevent aging brittleness |
|
Ti (Titanium) |
— (not specified) |
≤ 0.10 |
Grain refiner in S355JR; improves toughness |
|
Nb (Niobium) |
— (not specified) |
≤ 0.05 |
Works with Ti in S355JR to stabilize nitrogen and refine grains |
Mechanical Properties of A36 and S355JR Angle Steel
|
Property |
A36 (ASTM A36/A36M-24) |
S355JR (EN 10025-2:2019) |
Test Standard |
Application Impact |
|
Yield Strength (Rp0.2, ≥) |
250 MPa |
355 MPa |
ASTM E8/E8M (A36); EN ISO 6892-1 (S355JR) |
S355JR offers 42% higher yield strength, enabling lighter structural designs |
|
Tensile Strength (Rm) |
400–550 MPa |
470–630 MPa |
Same as above |
S355JR has a higher tensile range, suitable for heavy load-bearing applications |
|
Elongation After Fracture (A, ≥) |
20% (t ≤ 19mm) |
22% (t ≤ 16mm) |
Same as above |
S355JR maintains good ductility despite higher strength |
|
Impact Absorption Energy (KV2) |
≥ 27 J (room temp, optional) |
≥ 34 J (20℃) |
ASTM A370 (A36); EN ISO 148-1 (S355JR) |
S355JR requires mandatory impact toughness, critical for structural safety |
|
Hardness (Brinell, HB) |
≤ 170 HB |
≤ 230 HB |
ASTM E10; EN ISO 6506-1 |
Higher hardness in S355JR aligns with its greater strength |
|
Weldability |
Excellent (no preheat for t ≤ 25mm) |
Excellent (preheat for t > 25mm) |
AWS D1.1 (A36); EN 1011-2 (S355JR) |
Both are weldable; S355JR may need mild preheat for thick sections to prevent cracking |
|
Cold Formability |
Good |
Good (with proper technique) |
ASTM E290; EN ISO 7438 |
S355JR requires controlled forming to avoid cracking due to higher strength |
Notes:
All values comply with the latest standards (ASTM A36/A36M-24 and EN 10025-2:2019, as of 2024). For angles with thickness (t) > 19mm, properties may have slight adjustments—refer to standard supplements.
A36 is a carbon structural steel, while S355JR is a European standard structural steel with higher strength and stricter impurity controls.
For corrosive environments, both grades can be hot-dip galvanized (zinc coating 70–100μm). Galvanizing does not alter base metal chemistry or mechanical properties.
Mechanical tests are performed on transverse specimens (relative to rolling direction) to reflect real-world structural behavior under load.
S355JR’s lower carbon and sulfur contents make it more suitable for welding in critical structures (e.g., bridges, high-rise buildings) compared to A36.
Katherine A. Fogg
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